Description: Standard finish with surface roughness of 3.2 μm (126 μin), removes sharp edges and deburrs parts cleanly. Key Use: Functional parts requiring no post-processing (e.g., brackets, gears). Process Tolerance: Dimensional ±0.1 mm, Ra 3.2±0.5 μm Process Specifications: ISO 2768-m standard, burr height ≤0.05 mm

Description: Electrochemical oxide layer for corrosion resistance and aesthetics. Process Compatibility: Post-machining surface treatment Key Use: Aerospace components, consumer electronics (e.g., phone frames). Process Tolerance: Coating thickness 10-25 μm±2 μm, color consistency ΔE≤1.5 Process Specifications: MIL-A-8625 or ISO 7599, sealing pH 5.5-6.5

Description: Chemical film for corrosion protection and paint adhesion. Process Compatibility: Post-cleaning chemical immersion Key Use: Aviation and automotive electrical housings. Process Tolerance: Film thickness 0.5-3 μm, visual uniformity Process Specifications: Immersion time 3-10 min, bath temp. 20-30℃

Description: Thin magnetite layer for corrosion resistance and reduced glare. Process Compatibility: Post-machining chemical treatment Key Use: Tools, firearms, automotive fasteners. Process Tolerance: Coating thickness 0.5-1.5 μm, salt spray ≥24 hrs Process Specifications: Alkaline bath pH 13-14, process time 5-30 min

Description: Linear abrasive finish for decorative texture. Process Compatibility: Manual/CNC abrasive belts Key Use: Appliance panels, architectural trims. Process Tolerance: Texture depth 0.05-0.2 mm, angle deviation ≤5° Process Specifications: Abrasive belt grit 80-240, feed speed 10-30 m/min

Description: Chemical/mechanical removal for micro-texturing or marking. Process Compatibility: Laser/chemical masking Key Use: Circuit boards, decorative logos. Process Tolerance: Etch depth 0.01-0.5 mm±5%, alignment ±0.1 mm Process Specifications: Etchant concentration 10-30%, laser power 20-100 W

Description: Uniform metal coating (e.g., nickel) without electricity. Process Compatibility: Chemical bath deposition Key Use: Wear-resistant industrial valves, connectors. Process Tolerance: Coating thickness 5-50 μm±5%, porosity ≤5/cm² Process Specifications: Bath temp. 85-95℃, pH 4.5-5.5

Description: Electrochemical metal coating (e.g., chrome, zinc) for durability. Process Compatibility: Post-machining electrodeposition Key Use: Automotive trim, jewelry. Process Tolerance: Coating thickness 5-25 μm±2 μm, adhesion ≥4B (ASTM B571) Process Specifications: Current density 1-10 A/dm², bath temp. 40-60℃

Description: Polymer coating via electric field for corrosion resistance. Process Compatibility: Post-cleaning immersion Key Use: Automotive frames, HVAC components. Process Tolerance: Coating thickness 15-30 μm±3 μm, edge coverage ≥80% Process Specifications: Voltage 50-300 V, cure 160-200℃×20 min

Description: Precision abrasive finish for tight tolerances. Process Compatibility: Surface/cylindrical grinding Key Use: Bearing races, hydraulic shafts. Process Tolerance: Dimensional ±0.005 mm, Ra 0.4-0.8 μm Process Specifications: Wheel grit 60-120, coolant flow 5-20 L/min

Description: Thermal process to alter material hardness/toughness. Process Compatibility: Post-machining quenching/tempering Key Use: Gears, cutting tools. Process Tolerance: Hardness HRC 45-60±2, distortion ≤0.1% Process Specifications: Quench temp. 800-1000℃, temper time 1-4 hrs

Description: Diamond or linear pattern for improved grip. Process Compatibility: CNC lathe rolling Key Use: Handles, adjustment knobs. Process Tolerance: Pattern depth 0.2-0.5 mm, pitch ±0.05 mm Process Specifications: Roller pressure 200-500 N, feed 10-50 mm/min

Description: Permanent marking via laser ablation. Process Compatibility: Post-processing laser systems Materials: Metals, plastics, wood Key Use: Serial numbers, branding on industrial parts.

Description: Molding soft material (TPU/silicone) over rigid inserts. Process Compatibility: Injection molding Materials: Plastics, metals (as inserts) Key Use: Ergonomic handles, waterproof seals. Process Tolerance: Overmold thickness 1-5 mm±0.2 mm, bond strength ≥5 MPa Process Specifications: Injection pressure >5 MPa, mold temp. 40-80℃

Description: Mirror-like finish via abrasive compounds. Process Compatibility: Manual/robotic buffing Key Use: Medical instruments, luxury fixtures. Process Tolerance: Ra 0.025-0.1 μm, gloss ≥90 GU Process Specifications: Wheel speed 1000-3000 rpm, compound grit 2000-5000

Description: Acid treatment to remove free iron and enhance corrosion resistance. Process Compatibility: Post-cleaning chemical immersion Key Use: Surgical tools, food processing equipment. Process Tolerance: Film thickness 0.001-0.01 μm, salt spray ≥96 hrs Process Specifications: Nitric acid 20-50%, process time 20-60 min

Description: Electrostatic polymer powder cured into durable film. Process Compatibility: Post-cleaning spray and bake Key Use: Outdoor furniture, automotive wheels. Process Tolerance: Coating thickness 60-120 μm±10 μm, ΔE≤1.0 Process Specifications: Voltage 30-90 kV, cure 180-200℃×15 min

Description: Phosphate layer for lubrication and paint adhesion. Process Compatibility: Chemical immersion Key Use: Engine components, firearm parts. Process Tolerance: Coating weight 2-5 g/m², crystal size ≤5 μm Process Specifications: Bath pH 2-4, process temp. 40-70℃

Description: Liquid coating for color and protection. Process Compatibility: Spraying/dipping Materials: Metals, plastics Key Use: Consumer electronics, automotive body panels. Process Tolerance: Coating thickness 20-50 μm±5 μm, adhesion ≥3B (ASTM D3359) Process Specifications: Spray pressure 0.3-0.6 MPa, cure 80-120℃×30 min

Description: Abrasive jet finish for uniform matte texture. Process Compatibility: Post-machining blasting Materials: Metals, glass, stone Key Use: Architectural facades, engine blocks. Process Tolerance: Ra 1.6-6.3 μm, coverage ≥95% Process Specifications: Grit size 80-120, air pressure 0.4-0.7 MPa

Description: Non-stick, chemical-resistant polymer layer. Process Compatibility: Spraying/baking Materials: Metals, ceramics Key Use: Cookware, chemical valves. Process Tolerance: Coating thickness 15-50 μm±5%, non-stick cycles ≥1000 Process Specifications: Sintering 360-400℃, cure time 10-30 min

Description: Barrel polishing for edge rounding and deburring. Process Compatibility: Vibratory/rotary barrels Materials: Metals, plastics Key Use: Jewelry, small hardware components. Process Tolerance: Edge radius R0.1-0.5 mm, weight loss ≤1% Process Specifications: Media size 3-10 mm, speed 10-30 rpm, time 1-12 hrs

Description: Graded texture (e.g., SPI-A1 for glossy, SPI-C3 for matte). Process Compatibility: EDM, polishing Materials: Tool steel, aluminum molds Key Use: Plastic injection molds for consumer products. Process Tolerance: Ra 0.05-1.6 μm, texture replication ≥90% Process Specifications: SPI-SPE-1 standard, EDM current 5-50 A